The regenerative journey: exploring stem cell roles from injury detection to tissue repair

Abstract

cell roles from injury detection to tissue repair Download PDF ... * 600Accesses * Metricsdetails ## Abstract The intricate process of tissue regeneration, driven by endogenous mechanisms, represents a sophisticated interplay of biological events from injury detection to functional recovery. This review discusses the multifaceted journey of stem cells in response to physiological and pathological cues. Beginning with detecting tissue damage through biochemical signals, the subsequent acute inflammatory response activates stem cells residing in specialized niches. These cells ... fate decisions. Integrating newly formed cells into the tissue matrix, supported by modulation of inflammation, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix remodelling, is crucial for restoring tissue architecture and function. By ... The human body exhibits a remarkable capacity for tissue repair and regeneration in the face of injury, disease, or age-related degeneration. At the heart of this restorative ability lie stem cells, which function as key components of the body’s intrinsic repair network. These cells possess the distinctive capability to differentiate into multiple cell types, making them essential for preserving tissue integrity and promoting repair [119]. The regenerative process driven by stem cells is orchestrated through a dynamic and tightly regulated sequence, beginning with normal ... This review outlines the multifaceted mechanisms that underpin tissue regeneration. The regenerative cascade is initiated by biochemical distress signals emitted from injured or dying cells [12,40,58,101]. These signals elicit an acute inflammatory response that not only limits damage but also mobilizes stem cells from their niches, whether tissue-resident or bone ... Following activation, a range of stem cell types, such as hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, and ... Successful regeneration depends on the integration of newly formed cells into the preexisting tissue architecture. This ... reestablishment of structural and functional homeostasis [42]. The novelty of this review lies in its integrative framework that connects injury sensing, immune-stem cell crosstalk, and tissue-specific regenerative cascades into a unified biological narrative. Unlike prior reviews that examine isolated components of regeneration, this work emphasizes the sequential and cooperative nature of endogenous repair processes, highlighting how immune signalling, stem cell activation, microenvironmental cues, and tissue remodelling function in concert. In this review, we discussed the detailed cellular and molecular steps involved in stem cell-mediated tissue regeneration from injury detection to functional tissue reconstitution. By dissecting these processes and incorporating ... The regenerative process in response to injury or disease typically unfolds in the following stages: 1. (1) Injury Detection and mechanisms 2. (2) Recruitment of Stem cell 3. (3) Activation and Proliferation of Stem Cells 4. (4) Differentiation into Functional Lineages 5. (5) Integration and Tissue Remodeling Each stage is governed by tightly regulated signaling networks that ensure precise cell fate decisions and continuous ... regeneration. This step initiates a cascade of tightly regulated cellular and molecular responses that serve as an ... Cellular mechanisms involved in injury detection. This figure depicts injury detection and immune activation via intrinsic and extrinsic signals. Damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) like ATP, DNA fragments, HMGB1, and ROS, ... Cells detect tissue damage through multiple pathways, one of which involves the release of Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns (DAMPs) from injured or necrotic cells. These molecules, such as ATP, fragmented DNA, and reactive oxygen ... This orchestrated response involving various cell types and signalling pathways leads to the activation and recruitment ...