Sleuthing subjectivity: a review of covert measures of consciousness

Abstract

Sleuthing subjectivity: a review of covert measures of consciousness | Nature Reviews Neuroscience Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles [*Nature Reviews Neuroscience*](https://www.nature.com/nrn)**volume26**,pages476–496 (2025)[Cite this article](#citeas) Consciousness is private. Although conscious beings directly access their own conscious experiences, the consciousness of others must be inferred through overt report: observable behaviours —such as overt facial expressions, vocalizations and body gestures —that suggest the level, state and content of consciousness.